To diagnose you with ovarian cysts, your doctor will perform a physical examination and ask for your medical history. The cysts may be difficult to diagnose, so several imaging techniques may be used: pelvic ultrasound, abdominal CT scan, MRI, and/or X-ray.Treating ovarian cysts is usually simple; most of the time, your doctor will probably recommend watching and waiting. He will monitor the cysts through ultrasounds and pelvic exams during your cycle to make sure that the cyst is not growing. Because most cysts reabsorb, watching and waiting is a safe and effective treatment option. For larger cysts, your doctor may drain the cyst laparoscopically, or, depending on its size, remove the cyst from the ovary during surgery.
There is really no way to prevent functional ovarian cysts from developing, because they develop out of the ovulation process. Your doctor may recommend that you begin taking oral contraceptives to regulate your menstrual cycle, which prevents cysts in many women and may cause some cysts to shrink, making a short course of oral contraceptive medication a good diagnostic aid. Cysts which persist and/or grow under such observation raise the possibility of malignancy and must be further evaluated.
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms, particularly sharp pain or bleeding, you need to consult your health care professional immediately. The symptoms associated with ovarian cysts are the same ones that can be associated with more serious conditions, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, ectopic pregnancy, or ovarian cancer.
